jusqu’où voit-on au bord de la mer

A -distance de la ligne d’horizon

La distance de la ligne d’horizon, lorsqu’on est au bord de la mer est limité par la rotondité de la terre. Cette distance varie avec l’altitude des yeux de l’observateur. Voyons cela de plus près et essayons de calculer cette distance en utilisant la figure ci-dessous .

 

horizonMer

Figure 1

R est le rayon de la terre ; h représente la hauteur des yeux au-dessus de la mer.

Le regard porte jusqu’au point de tangence avec la mer (point Z) ; D est la distance entre l’observateur et le point de l’horizon Z.

A.I -Approche avec un cas particulier

Dans un premier temps, on va supposer que les yeux de l’observateur sont à 1m au-dessus du niveau de la mer (il a les pieds dans l’eau).

La distance OH est égale au rayon terrestre R plus 1m.

cos(a) = R / (R + 1)

R vaut environ 6400km soit 6 400.000m

cos(a) = 6 400 000 / 6 400 001 = 0,999 999 843 750

 

et a = acos(0,999 999 843 750) = 0,000 559 rd

On a tg(a) = D / R donc D = tg(a) x R

Comme a est très petit, sa tangente est égale à a en rd.

D= 0,000 577 559 * 6 400 000 = 3696m soit environ 3,7km.

A.II -Comment varie D en fonction de h

Le calcul précédent est un peu lourd. Il ne donne pas une vision synthétique de la façon dont D s’accroît quand h augmente. Alors, reprenons sous un autre angle.

Considérons le triangle rectangle Z0H de la figure 1.

Le théorème de Pythagore nous dit que D2 + R2 = OH2.

Donc D2 = OH2 – R2

Comme OH = R + h , on a OH2 = R2 + 2Rh + h2.

Donc D2 = 2Rh + h2.

Le terme h2 étant négligeable devant 2Rh, on écrira D = √2Rh. Le terme 2R étant constant, on voit que D varie comme √h.

Ainsi pour une altitude donnée en mètres, il suffira de multiplier la racine de cette hauteur par 3700m pour obtenir D avec une légère approximation.

Plus précisément, D = √2Rh + h2 = √h x √2R + h .

Comme 2R = 12 800 000m, on voit bien que D = √2Rh est une excellente approximation le terme h reste négligeable même si on prend l’avion et qu’on monte à 10 000m.

B -À partir de quelle distance aperçoit-on un navire en approche ?

La figure 1 répond à la question. La distance est la somme de D1 + D où D1 est la distance pour un objet de hauteur h1 et D la distance pour une altitude d’observation h.

Par exemple, pour un voilier avec une hauteur totale hors d’eau de 25m, D1 = 3700 x 5 m≈ 18,5km. Pour un observateur avec les yeux à 4m de hauteur, D = 3700 x 2 ≈ 7,4 km.

Le voilier serait donc visible (du moins le haut du mat) à 18,5 + 7,4 ≈ 26km. Mais la résolution de l’œil serait insuffisante même pour voir une voile carrée de 4m de large (visible cependant aux jumelles).1

Reprenons avec le Queen Mary dont j’estime la hauteur à 60m au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison et la largeur à 60m. D1 = 3,7km * √60 = 28,7km. Si on prend D =7,4km comme dans le calcul précédent cela nous fait une distance de 36km. L’angle sous lequel on voit le bateau est de 5,7’ pour 60m de largeur, donc on le verrait mais tout juste à l’œil nu (à condition de savoir où le chercher) mais nettement aux jumelles .

C -Pourquoi ne perçoit-on pas la courbure de la terre ?

Comme l’angle a est toujours petit, on peut dire qu’il est proportionnel à la racine carrée de h. On a vu que pour h = 1, il vaut 0,000 577 350rd ce qui nous fait environ 0,033°, ce qui correspond à la circonférence C divisée par 360 / 0,033 = 10909.

Pour une altitude de 100m, la portion de cercle devient 10 fois supérieure soit C / 1091.

Je vous invite, si l’occasion se présente, à prendre une ficelle de 5m et, sur une plage de sable, à tracer un arc de cercle en tendant la ficelle. La circonférence C = 10 x π = 31,4m et la longueur de l’arc qui nous intéresse est à peu près de 29mm. Pouvez vous faire la différence entre l’arc et sa corde ? Avis aux platistes ! Mais je doute qu’il en passe par ici.

D - Remarque :

Tout ceci est calculé en supposant un air absent ou parfaitement homogène. Dans la réalité, l'effet de la réfraction peut modifier sensiblement les valeurs théoriques. C'est ainsi que certains jours (très rares) on peut voir la Corse depuis la côte d'Azur!

Mes calculs restent valable dans les cas courants, avec de faibles hauteurs.

 ***** © M Guignard 2024 *****

 

 

1) À 24km de distance, une voile de 4m est vue sous un angle de 4/24000 = 0,000167rd soit 0,00095° ou 0,57’. On estime la résolution de l’oeil humain à 1’.

Comments (0)

    Attach images by dragging & dropping or by selecting them.
    The maximum file size for uploads is 10MB. Only gif,jpg,png files are allowed.
     
    The maximum number of 3 allowed files to upload has been reached. If you want to upload more files you have to delete one of the existing uploaded files first.
    The maximum number of 3 allowed files to upload has been reached. If you want to upload more files you have to delete one of the existing uploaded files first.
    Posting as

    Comments powered by CComment

    7.668MBMemory Usage522msRequest Duration
    Joomla! Version5.3.0-alpha1
    PHP Version8.3.19
    Identityguest
    Response200
    Templatecassiopeia
    Database
    Server
    mysql
    Version
    10.11.11-MariaDB-0+deb12u1
    Collation
    utf8mb3_general_ci
    Conn Collation
    utf8mb4_general_ci
    $_GET
    []
    $_POST
    []
    $_SESSION
    array:1 [ "joomla" => "***redacted***" ]
    $_COOKIE
    []
    $_SERVER
    array:51 [ "PATH" => "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" "PP_CUSTOM_P...
    session
    array:3 [ "counter" => 1 "timer" => array:3 [ "start" => 1743925945 "last" => 1743925945...
    registry
    array:3 [ "data" => [] "initialized" => false "separator" => "." ]
    user
    array:21 [ "id" => 0 "name" => null "username" => null "email" => null "password" => "***r...
    plg_system_webauthn
    array:1 [ "returnUrl" => "https://doubsastuces.fr/index.php/astronomie/explications-en-astronomie/...
    • afterLoad (86.88KB) (21.97ms)
    • afterInitialise (1.15MB) (65.45ms)
    • afterRoute (147.62KB) (12.49ms)
    • beforeRenderComponent com_content (100.73KB) (4.53ms)
    • Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (34.13KB) (4.19ms)
    • After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (114.98KB) (1.08ms)
    • Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.66KB) (21μs)
    • After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (94.63KB) (955μs)
    • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:337 name:com_content.article.155) (6.65KB) (24μs)
    • After Access::getAssetRules (id:337 name:com_content.article.155) (7.38KB) (353μs)
    • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:305 name:com_comment) (1.06MB) (85.9ms)
    • After Access::getAssetRules (id:305 name:com_comment) (7.12KB) (61μs)
    • afterRenderComponent com_content (42.38KB) (15.83ms)
    • afterDispatch (2.14KB) (416μs)
    • beforeRenderRawModule mod_login (Connexion) (28.02KB) (2.3ms)
    • afterRenderRawModule mod_login (Connexion) (57.88KB) (9.08ms)
    • beforeRenderRawModule mod_tags_popular (Tags populaires) (848B) (71μs)
    • afterRenderRawModule mod_tags_popular (Tags populaires) (30.3KB) (11.15ms)
    • beforeRenderRawModule mod_breadcrumbs (Fil de navigation) (44.3KB) (1.69ms)
    • afterRenderRawModule mod_breadcrumbs (Fil de navigation) (13.18KB) (2.57ms)
    • beforeRenderRawModule mod_search (Recherche) (3.93KB) (2.52ms)
    • afterRenderRawModule mod_search (Recherche) (15.65KB) (2.73ms)
    • beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Menu principal) (1.66KB) (3.14ms)
    • afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Menu principal) (70.84KB) (9.74ms)
    • beforeRenderModule mod_breadcrumbs (Fil de navigation) (2.47MB) (9.71ms)
    • afterRenderModule mod_breadcrumbs (Fil de navigation) (5.22KB) (2.36ms)
    • beforeRenderModule mod_search (Recherche) (112B) (2.66ms)
    • afterRenderModule mod_search (Recherche) (3.31KB) (351μs)
    • beforeRenderModule mod_login (Connexion) (223.64KB) (111ms)
    • afterRenderModule mod_login (Connexion) (10.42KB) (638μs)
    • beforeRenderModule mod_tags_popular (Tags populaires) (752B) (62μs)
    • afterRenderModule mod_tags_popular (Tags populaires) (1.76KB) (499μs)
    • beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Menu principal) (90.34KB) (32.33ms)
    • afterRenderModule mod_menu (Menu principal) (7.34KB) (1.37ms)
    • beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Menu utilisateur) (59.91KB) (36.66ms)
    • afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Menu utilisateur) (1008B) (3.49ms)
    • beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Menu utilisateur) (720B) (14μs)
    • afterRenderModule mod_menu (Menu utilisateur) (1.66KB) (503μs)
    • afterRender (2.6MB) (61.03ms)
    • 1 x beforeRenderModule mod_login (Connexion) (223.64KB) (21.18%)
      111ms
      1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:305 name:com_comment) (1.06MB) (16.44%)
      85.90ms
      1 x afterInitialise (1.15MB) (12.53%)
      65.45ms
      1 x afterRender (2.6MB) (11.68%)
      61.03ms
      1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Menu utilisateur) (59.91KB) (7.02%)
      36.66ms
      1 x beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Menu principal) (90.34KB) (6.19%)
      32.33ms
      1 x afterLoad (86.88KB) (4.21%)
      21.97ms
      1 x afterRenderComponent com_content (42.38KB) (3.03%)
      15.83ms
      1 x afterRoute (147.62KB) (2.39%)
      12.49ms
      1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_tags_popular (Tags populaires) (30.3KB) (2.13%)
      11.15ms
      1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Menu principal) (70.84KB) (1.86%)
      9.74ms
      1 x beforeRenderModule mod_breadcrumbs (Fil de navigation) (2.47MB) (1.86%)
      9.71ms
      1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_login (Connexion) (57.88KB) (1.74%)
      9.08ms
      1 x beforeRenderComponent com_content (100.73KB) (0.87%)
      4.53ms
      1 x Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (34.13KB) (0.8%)
      4.19ms
      1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Menu utilisateur) (1008B) (0.67%)
      3.49ms
      1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Menu principal) (1.66KB) (0.6%)
      3.14ms
      1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_search (Recherche) (15.65KB) (0.52%)
      2.73ms
      1 x beforeRenderModule mod_search (Recherche) (112B) (0.51%)
      2.66ms
      1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_breadcrumbs (Fil de navigation) (13.18KB) (0.49%)
      2.57ms
      1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_search (Recherche) (3.93KB) (0.48%)
      2.52ms
      1 x afterRenderModule mod_breadcrumbs (Fil de navigation) (5.22KB) (0.45%)
      2.36ms
      1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_login (Connexion) (28.02KB) (0.44%)
      2.30ms
      1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_breadcrumbs (Fil de navigation) (44.3KB) (0.32%)
      1.69ms
      1 x afterRenderModule mod_menu (Menu principal) (7.34KB) (0.26%)
      1.37ms
      1 x After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (114.98KB) (0.21%)
      1.08ms
      1 x After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (94.63KB) (0.18%)
      955μs
      1 x afterRenderModule mod_login (Connexion) (10.42KB) (0.12%)
      638μs
      1 x afterRenderModule mod_menu (Menu utilisateur) (1.66KB) (0.1%)
      503μs
      1 x afterRenderModule mod_tags_popular (Tags populaires) (1.76KB) (0.1%)
      499μs
      1 x afterDispatch (2.14KB) (0.08%)
      416μs
      1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:337 name:com_content.article.155) (7.38KB) (0.07%)
      353μs
      1 x afterRenderModule mod_search (Recherche) (3.31KB) (0.07%)
      351μs
      1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_tags_popular (Tags populaires) (848B) (0.01%)
      71μs
      1 x beforeRenderModule mod_tags_popular (Tags populaires) (752B) (0.01%)
      62μs
      1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:305 name:com_comment) (7.12KB) (0.01%)
      61μs
      1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:337 name:com_content.article.155) (6.65KB) (0%)
      24μs
      1 x Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.66KB) (0%)
      21μs
      1 x beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Menu utilisateur) (720B) (0%)
      14μs
    33 statements were executed, 6 of which were duplicates, 27 unique28.74ms135.79KB
    • SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode;156μs968B/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:308Copy
    • SELECT `data` FROM `sn27j_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?236μs1008BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:250Copy
    • SELECT `session_id` FROM `sn27j_session` WHERE `session_id` = :session_id LIMIT 1167μs1.3KBParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:187Copy
    • INSERT INTO `sn27j_session` (`session_id`,`guest`,`time`,`userid`,`username`,`client_id`) VALUES (:session_id, :guest, :time, :user_id, :username, :client_id)909μs944BParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:260Copy
    • SELECT `id`,`rules` FROM `sn27j_viewlevels`171μs976B/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:955Copy
    • SELECT `b`.`id` FROM `sn27j_usergroups` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_usergroups` AS `b` ON `b`.`lft` <= `a`.`lft` AND `b`.`rgt` >= `a`.`rgt` WHERE `a`.`id` = :guest243μs1.33KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:868Copy
    • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `sn27j_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`600μs3.88KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
    • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `sn27j_assets` WHERE `name` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7,:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9,:preparedArray10,:preparedArray11,:preparedArray12,:preparedArray13,:preparedArray14,:preparedArray15,:preparedArray16,:preparedArray17,:preparedArray18,:preparedArray19,:preparedArray20,:preparedArray21,:preparedArray22,:preparedArray23,:preparedArray24,:preparedArray25,:preparedArray26,:preparedArray27,:preparedArray28,:preparedArray29,:preparedArray30,:preparedArray31,:preparedArray32,:preparedArray33,:preparedArray34,:preparedArray35,:preparedArray36,:preparedArray37,:preparedArray38,:preparedArray39,:preparedArray40,:preparedArray41,:preparedArray42)583μs7.56KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:357Copy
    • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `sn27j_assets` WHERE `name` LIKE :asset OR `name` = :extension OR `parent_id` = 0505μs5.11KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:301Copy
    • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `sn27j_content`5.6ms1.77KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:587Copy
    • UPDATE `sn27j_content` SET `hits` = (`hits` + 1) WHERE `id` = '155'1.02ms48B/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1348Copy
    • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `sn27j_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)563μs22.13KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
    • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `sn27j_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`454μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
    • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `sn27j_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `sn27j_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)326μs3.97KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
    • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `sn27j_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`426μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
    • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM sn27j_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `sn27j_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN sn27j_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN sn27j_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN sn27j_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN sn27j_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `sn27j_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform ORDER BY a.ordering ASC3.11ms4.81KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:164Copy
    • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`language`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`a`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `a`.`id`, `a`.`alias`) ELSE a.id END AS `slug`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`cc`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `cc`.`id`, `cc`.`alias`) ELSE cc.id END AS `catslug` FROM `sn27j_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `cc` ON `cc`.`id` = `a`.`catid` WHERE `a`.`catid` = :catid AND `a`.`state` = :state AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND (`publish_up` IS NULL OR `publish_up` <= :nowDate1) AND (`publish_down` IS NULL OR `publish_down` >= :nowDate2) ORDER BY CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END DESC2.49ms3.28KBParams/plugins/content/pagenavigation/src/Extension/PageNavigation.php:188Copy
    • SELECT * FROM `sn27j_comment_setting` WHERE `component`='com_content'320μs704B/administrator/components/com_comment/library/config.php:85Copy
    • SELECT * FROM sn27j_comment_queue WHERE status = 0 ORDER BY created ASC LIMIT 5309μs1.27KB/components/com_comment/helpers/queue.php:40Copy
    • SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sn27j_comment WHERE contentid='155' AND component='com_content' AND published=1271μs536B/components/com_comment/models/comment.php:152Copy
    • SELECT f.*, c.catid as catid FROM sn27j_compojoom_customfields as f LEFT JOIN sn27j_compojoom_customfields_cats AS c ON f.id = c.compojoom_customfields_id WHERE `f`.`show`='all' AND `f`.`enabled` = '1' AND `f`.`component` = 'com_comment'242μs2.39KB/libraries/compojoom/model/customfieldsconfig.php:51Copy
    • SELECT f.* FROM sn27j_compojoom_customfields AS f INNER JOIN sn27j_compojoom_customfields_cats AS c ON f.id = c.compojoom_customfields_id WHERE `f`.`show`='category' AND `c`.`catid` IN ('1') AND `f`.`enabled` = '1' AND `f`.`component` = 'com_comment'239μs2.36KB/libraries/compojoom/model/customfieldsconfig.php:70Copy
    • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`module`,`m`.`position`,`m`.`content`,`m`.`showtitle`,`m`.`params`,`mm`.`menuid` FROM `sn27j_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_modules_menu` AS `mm` ON `mm`.`moduleid` = `m`.`id` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `m`.`module` AND `e`.`client_id` = `m`.`client_id` WHERE ( ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1 AND `m`.`client_id` = :clientId AND `m`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown)) AND (`mm`.`menuid` = :itemId OR `mm`.`menuid` <= 0) ORDER BY `m`.`position`,`m`.`ordering`838μs1.94KBParams/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:120Copy
    • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `sn27j_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`687μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
    • SELECT `alias`,`catid` FROM sn27j_content WHERE `id` = :key345μs1.37KBParams/libraries/src/Component/Router/Rules/PreprocessRules.php:123Copy
    • SELECT MAX(`tag_id`) AS `tag_id`,COUNT(*) AS `count`,MAX(`t`.`title`) AS `title`,MAX(`t`.`access`) AS `access`,MAX(`t`.`alias`) AS `alias`,MAX(`t`.`params`) AS `params`,MAX(`t`.`language`) AS `language` FROM `sn27j_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `sn27j_ucm_content` AS `ucm` ON `m`.`content_item_id` = `ucm`.`core_content_item_id` AND `m`.`type_id` = `ucm`.`core_type_id` INNER JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `cat` ON `ucm`.`core_catid` = `cat`.`id` INNER JOIN `sn27j_tags` AS `t` ON `tag_id` = `t`.`id` INNER JOIN `sn27j_ucm_content` AS `c` ON `m`.`core_content_id` = `c`.`core_content_id` WHERE `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `cat`.`published` > 0 AND `m`.`type_alias` = `c`.`core_type_alias` AND `c`.`core_state` = 1 AND (`c`.`core_access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) OR `c`.`core_access` = 0) AND (`c`.`core_publish_up` IS NULL OR `c`.`core_publish_up` = :nullDate2 OR `c`.`core_publish_up` <= :nowDate2) AND (`c`.`core_publish_down` IS NULL OR `c`.`core_publish_down` = :nullDate3 OR `c`.`core_publish_down` >= :nowDate3) GROUP BY `tag_id`,`t`.`title`,`t`.`access`,`t`.`alias` ORDER BY `count` DESC LIMIT 104.6ms1.81KBParams/modules/mod_tags_popular/src/Helper/TagsPopularHelper.php:188Copy
    • SELECT `alias`,`catid` FROM sn27j_content WHERE `id` = :key224μs1.37KBParams/libraries/src/Component/Router/Rules/PreprocessRules.php:123Copy
    • SELECT * FROM `sn27j_schemaorg` WHERE `itemId` = :itemId AND `context` = :context298μs1.55KBParams/plugins/system/schemaorg/src/Extension/Schemaorg.php:403Copy
    • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `sn27j_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)571μs22.17KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
    • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `sn27j_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `sn27j_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)408μs22.17KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
    • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `sn27j_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 1262μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:465Copy
    • SELECT `session_id` FROM `sn27j_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?303μs1KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:277Copy
    • UPDATE `sn27j_session` SET `data` = ? , `time` = ? WHERE `session_id` = ?1.26ms3.08KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:301Copy